An Endocrinologist Explains Why Hormonal Balance Is Key To Women’s Health

Women’s health is intricately linked to their hormones, which influence vital functions such as metabolism, mood, weight regulation, reproductive health, and overall well-being. However, in a fast-paced world, many women struggle with undiagnosed hormonal imbalances, leading to fatigue, weight fluctuations, and chronic conditions like thyroid disorders, PCOS, and diabetes.

On this International Women’s Day, ABP News spoke with Dr. Mohit Sharma, Senior Consultant in Internal Medicine and Endocrinology at Amrita Hospital, Faridabad, about the most pressing endocrine health concerns for women. He explains how to identify early warning signs, make sustainable lifestyle changes, and take proactive steps to prevent long-term health complications. This conversation sheds light on why prioritising hormonal health is not just about feeling good—it’s about ensuring a healthier future.

ABP: How does thyroid health affect a woman’s overall well-being, and when should one get tested?

Dr Mohit Sharma: Thyroid health plays a critical role in a woman’s overall well-being as it regulates metabolism, energy levels, mood, reproductive health, and heart function.

Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) can cause fatigue, weight gain, dry skin, hair thinning, depression, and irregular periods.

Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) can lead to anxiety, weight loss, excessive sweating, tremors, and rapid heartbeat.

Thyroid disorders can also impact fertility and pregnancy, leading to complications such as miscarriage or developmental issues in the baby.

When To Get Tested?

• If experiencing sudden weight changes, persistent fatigue, hair loss, depression, menstrual irregularities, or unexplained swelling in the neck (goitre).
• Women should undergo a thyroid function test (TSH, Free T3, Free T4) if they have a family history of thyroid disorders or unexplained symptoms.
• Pregnant women or those planning pregnancy should routinely screen for thyroid disorders.

ABP: What are the warning signs of diabetes in women, and how can they lower their risk?

Dr Mohit Sharma: Diabetes can present differently in women compared to men. Key warning signs include:

• Frequent urination and excessive thirst
• Unexplained weight loss or gain
• Extreme fatigue and brain fog
• Frequent infections (UTIs, yeast infections, slow-healing wounds)
• Irregular menstrual cycles or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) symptoms
• Dark patches on the skin (Acanthosis Nigricans), often around the neck, armpits, or groin

Rules And Tips To Lower The Risk Of Developing Diabetes:

• Maintain a healthy weight – obesity is a leading risk factor.
• Prioritise fibre-rich foods to prevent blood sugar spikes.
• Exercise regularly (30-45 min/day) to enhance insulin sensitivity.
• Limit processed sugar and refined carbohydrates (e.g., white bread, sweets).
• Get regular check-ups if there is a family history of diabetes or if PCOS symptoms are present.

ABP: How can women naturally balance their hormones and avoid metabolic disorders?

Dr Mohit Sharma: Women can naturally regulate their hormones and prevent metabolic disorders like PCOS, insulin resistance, and thyroid dysfunction through:

Dietary Choices:

• Increase protein & healthy fats (avocados, nuts, fish) to regulate insulin.
• Eat cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower) for hormone detoxification.
• Reduce sugar & refined carbs to prevent insulin resistance.

Lifestyle Habits:

• Manage stress levels – chronic stress leads to cortisol imbalances, disrupting other hormones.
• Prioritise sleep (7-9 hours/night) – lack of sleep can trigger metabolic dysfunction.
• Regular exercise (strength training + yoga) helps regulate estrogen and insulin.

Supplement Wisely (Under Medical Guidance):

• Vitamin D, Magnesium, Omega-3s, and Zinc support hormonal balance.
• Ashwagandha and adaptogens may help manage cortisol levels.

ABP: What dietary and lifestyle habits help in maintaining healthy insulin levels?

Dr Mohit Sharma: To prevent insulin resistance and keep insulin levels stable, women should:

 Dietary Habits:

• Choose low-glycemic index (GI) foods like whole grains, legumes, and non-starchy vegetables.
• Eat protein with every meal (eggs, chicken, lentils, Greek yogurt) to stabilize blood sugar.
• Include fibre-rich foods (flaxseeds, chia seeds, vegetables) to slow glucose absorption.
• Avoid frequent snacking – practice intermittent fasting if suitable.

 Lifestyle Habits:

• Exercise consistently – strength training improves insulin sensitivity.
• Stay hydrated – dehydration can affect blood sugar control.
• Regulate stress – cortisol spikes can lead to blood sugar fluctuations.
• Get enough sleep – poor sleep contributes to insulin resistance.

ABP: Are weight gain and fatigue always due to hormonal imbalance, or could there be other reasons?

Dr Mohit Sharma: Not always. While hormonal imbalances (thyroid disorders, insulin resistance, PCOS, adrenal fatigue) can cause weight gain and fatigue, other potential causes include:

Medical Conditions:

1. Nutrient Deficiencies (Vitamin B12, D, Iron) Can Cause –

• Fatigue and sluggish metabolism.
• Chronic inflammation (gut issues, autoimmune diseases).
• Sleep disorders (sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome).

2. Depression Or Anxiety Can Contribute To –

• Weight gain through emotional eating.

 Lifestyle-Related Causes:

• Sedentary Habits – low physical activity slows metabolism.
• Overeating Processed Foods – high-calorie, low-nutrient diets contribute to weight gain.
• Poor Sleep Quality – leads to hormone disruptions and metabolic issues.

Let’s Talk Of The Solution!

How to find the right cause and therefore reach out for the right treatment? Identify the root cause through proper testing (thyroid panel, insulin levels, vitamin deficiencies) and adopt a holistic approach combining diet, exercise, sleep, and stress management.

ALSO READ: Stress And Skin Diseases – Breaking The Vicious Cycle

[Disclaimer: The information provided in the article, including treatment suggestions shared by doctors, is intended for general informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.]

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